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A Short List of Salient Warning Signs For Eating Disorders
Michael Levine, Ph.D.
Presented at the 13th National NEDO Conference, Columbus, Ohio, October 3, 1994

1. Preoccupation with weight, food, calories, and dieting, to the extent that it consistently intrudes on conversations and interferes with other activities.

2. Excessive, rigid, exercise regimen‹despite weather, fatigue, illness, and injury, the need to "burn off" calories taken in.

3. Withdrawal from, or avoidance of, numerous activities because of weight and shape concerns.

4. Expressions of anxiety about being fat which do not diminish as weight is lost.

5. Evidence of self-induced (often secretive) vomiting, such as:
-Bathroom smells or messes,
-Rushing to the bathroom immediately after a meal and returning with bloodshot eyes,
-Swelling of the submandibular glands to yield a "chipmunk" facial appearance.

6. Evidence (e.g., wrappers, advertisements, coupons) of use of laxatives, diuretics, purgatives, enemas, or emetics.

7. Evidence of binge-eating, including hoarding and/or stealing food, or consumption of huge amounts of food inconsistent with the person's weight.

8. Alternating periods of severely restrictive dieting and overeating; these phasic fluctuations may be accompanied by dramatic weight fluctuations of 10 pounds or more.

9. Inexplicable problems with menstruation and/or fertility.

10. Extreme concern about appearance as a defining feature of self-esteem, often accompanied by dichotomous, perfectionist thinking (e.g., either I am "thin and good" or "gross and bad").

11. Paleness and complaints (evidence) of lightheadedness or disequilibrium not accounted for by other medical problems.

 



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